1sd-Exam

First aid for Decompression Sickness: the application of pure oxygen guarantees greater oxygenation of __________ and helps to lessen the risk of damage

The tendency of the body to float is:

Before a dive it is good to carry out a thorough check with your buddy, helping him/her to prepare and put on the equipment before entering the water.

The function of the cardio-circolatory system is to transport and distribute oxygen and to remove residues and _____________

underwater the objects appear _____________by about 1/3, water also absorbs light, an effect that increases with wather depth.

The test of cylinder consists of checking inside and outside for corrosion and pressure resistance test using pressure of ________ higher than in normal use

“At a constant temperature the volume of a gas varies _____________ with absolute pressure while the density of a gas varies ________ with absolute pressure”

The speed at which sound travels through water makes it difficult for his senses to judge _______________

Nitrogen narcosis effects different divers differently depending on the ___________________

Normally, ____________ breath is preceded by an increase in the breathing rate.

By wearing a mask, an air space is placed between the diver’s eyes and the water so the objects can be_______________________

Every time we make a movement we use energy which asks more of our body, requiring a change in the ___________ in order to satisfy this new demand.

If you ascend too quickly the nitrogen is cannot be released quickly enough thus contributing to the formation of bubbles in the divers __________

A body immersed in a fluid is ______________by the column fluid above it.

Descending and ascending through the bubbles discharged by another diver below, can cause dizziness, try not to look at the bubbles.

The pressure of the cylinder must be checked by taking 1 breaths from each regulator whilst watching the contents gauge.

The “Octopus” It is fixed to _____________________ of the first stage through a hose than the normal one.

On resurfacing it may be necessary to ______________________ to obtain positive buoyancy or to be able to come out of the water more easily

Hypoxia refers to the situation in which the amount of oxygen required by the cell is less than that available to the body

The BCD must be slowly deflated during ascent, because the air inside it expands and creates an ________________________and subsequent loss of control of speed. (max. 9 meter/minutes)

If we want to dive, ________________________, the B.C.D. must be deflated by using the exhaust valve.

The mask headstrap must

Begin the ascent with no less than _____________ in the cylinder.

A floating buoy marks the presence of divers underwater. In some countries dive law requires ______________ flag known as an “A FLAG”

The regulator enables the diver to breathe underwater. This part the equipment allows _________________.

The only effective treatment for air embolism syndrome is immediate recompression in a hyperbaric chamber and the administration of large quantity of __________ to make the blood more fluid and so reduce the risks of obstruction by the bubbles.

At a depth of 15 metres, the pressure inside the lungs will be the equivalent of the ambient pressure:

It is advisable to ________________ before entering the water.

The air that we breathe is composed of a mixture of gases, for simplicity let’s say that is made up mainly of________________________

A divelog well kept is a document that shows the divers experience but is of much less value than a certificate.

All the divers should have at least a basic understanding of first aid and O2 administration.

Descending underwater the increase in pressure is constant at ______ Atmosphere every 10 metres.

During this course all dives will be performed within the limits of non-decompression

The change of dive letter group shows that the tissues have got rid of a part of the nitrogen during the interval on the surface. Now wanting to plan a second dive where the maximum depth must never exceed the previous one, in this case 14 metres for 25 minutes, the first thing is to find the minutes which penalise the dive and add them to the real dive time. To do this one follows down under letter C to the point corresponding to the maximum depth programmed, always calculating the higher figure. This cross check between letter C and the depth of 15 metres gives 21 minutes. This means that a dive of 25 minutes must be calculated at a total time of 46 minutes.

our body contains cavities filled with gas that subjected with pressure are compensated for in two ways:

The function of the respiratory organs is to supply the body with the gasses surrounding it; this is done by its absorption into the blood through the ____________

Underwater it is always necessary to ____________ the mask

On dive tables the time and depth of the dive are correlated.

When you plan a dive the first thing is to establish the maximum depth to be reached, for examples 13 metres, naturally considering 15 metres on the tables following down the column the limit of permanence at this depth is shown at 100 minutes. Planning to dive for 35 minutes, 30 minutes must be calculated. At this point on the right the corresponding dive letter group, in this case F is found.

The BCD is used to_____________________

The ascent starts finning towards the surface, in order to control the speed; the B.C.D. must be ________________.

The rules for the prevention of decompression sickness can be divided as follows:

Suits are protective clothing, which help to minimise thermal exposure effects on the body; this is due to the high thermal conductability of water. How much times higher is the water than air?

The lead weights usually are fixed to the weight belt; the belt should also...

Knifes must be used ________________________.

Underwater sounds are transmitted ______________ because water has a greater density than air.

Several techniques exist for entering into the water these have always been developed with the safety of the ___________ as a primary consideration.

All weight belts must have a quick release buckle, which requires a positive action to open them

Always have a keeper on _________________ side of the weightbelt from the buckle.

While you dive, in order to evaluate the hydrostatic equilibrium, is important to consider the relation between volume and weight of: